[LeetCode]72 编辑距离

题目描述

给定两个单词 word1word2,计算出将 word1 转换成 word2 所使用的最少操作数 。

你可以对一个单词进行如下三种操作:

  1. 插入一个字符
  2. 删除一个字符
  3. 替换一个字符

示例1:

输入: word1 = "horse", word2 = "ros"
输出: 3
解释: 
horse -> rorse (将 'h' 替换为 'r')
rorse -> rose (删除 'r')
rose -> ros (删除 'e')

示例2:

输入: word1 = "intention", word2 = "execution"
输出: 5
解释: 
intention -> inention (删除 't')
inention -> enention (将 'i' 替换为 'e')
enention -> exention (将 'n' 替换为 'x')
exention -> exection (将 'n' 替换为 'c')
exection -> execution (插入 'u')

代码

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
class Solution:
def minDistance(self, word1, word2):
"""
:type word1: str
:type word2: str
:rtype: int
"""
result = [{} for _ in range(len(word1) + 1)]

def getDistance(i, j):
if i == 0: return j
if j == 0: return i
if j in result[i]: return result[i][j]

if word1[i - 1] == word2[j - 1]:
distance = getDistance(i - 1, j - 1)
else:
distance = min(getDistance(i - 1, j - 1),
getDistance(i - 1, j),
getDistance(i, j - 1)) + 1
result[i][j] = distance
return distance

return getDistance(len(word1), len(word2))